Legal Protection for Victims of Sexual Violence in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System

Abstract

This study examines the legal protection mechanisms available for victims of sexual violence within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Sexual violence continues to be a pervasive issue in Indonesia, with significant consequences for the victims' psychological, physical, and social well-being. Despite the enactment of laws aimed at providing justice and support to victims, such as the 2004 Law on Domestic Violence and the 2016 Law on the Elimination of Sexual Violence, challenges remain in ensuring adequate protection for victims throughout the judicial process. This research investigates the effectiveness of these legal instruments, identifying both strengths and weaknesses in their implementation. Through qualitative analysis, including interviews with legal experts, practitioners, and victims, the study assesses the barriers victims face in accessing justice, such as victim-blaming, inadequate support services, and procedural delays. Furthermore, the research explores the role of law enforcement, legal institutions, and non-governmental organizations in providing comprehensive protection. The findings highlight the need for more robust legal frameworks, better enforcement of existing laws, and increased awareness of victim rights among the public and legal professionals. This paper ultimately contributes to the ongoing discourse on improving legal protections for sexual violence victims, advocating for a more victim-centered approach within the Indonesian criminal justice system.